1. Communication from the Commission to the European Parliament, the European Council, the Council, the European Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions “The European Green Deal” // COM(2019) 640 final 11.12.2019.
2. DS412, DS426 Canada –Renewable Energy/Canada – Feed-in Tariff Program; DS456 India – Solar Cells; DS510 United States – Certain Measures related to Renewable Energy. No rulings have been adopted on the following disputes: DS419 China – Measures concerning wind power equipment; DS443 EU and a Member State – Certain Measures Concerning the Importation of Biodiesels; DS452 EU and certain Member States – Certain Measures affecting the Renewable Energy Generation Sector; DS459 EU and certain Member States – Certain Measures on the Importation and Marketing of Biodiesel and Measures Supporting the Biodiesel Industry; DS563 United States – Certain Measures related to Renewable Energy. For a review of some of these disputes, see M. Wu, J. Salzman, The Next Generation of Trade and Environment Conflicts: The Rise of Green Industrial Policy // 108 Nw. U. L. Rev. 401. 2014.
3. DS412, DS426 Canada –Renewable Energy/Canada – Feed-in Tariff Program; DS456 India – Solar Cells; DS510 United States – Certain Measures related to Renewable Energy.
4. Appellate Body Report, para 5.175. 5.
5. Ibid. Paras 5.177; 5.189.
6. L. Rubini What Does the Recent WTO Litigation on Renewable Energy Subsidies Tell us about Methodology in Legal Analysis? The Good, the Bad, and the Ugly // EUI Working Paper RSCAS 2014/05.
7. WTO, European Union and its Member States – Certain Measures Relating to the Energy Sector (EU Energy Package), Report of the Panel, WT/DS476/R, 10 August 2018, para. 7.1294.
8. K Talus, R.D. Ripple, M. A Wustenberg False Dichotomy Between LNG and Natural Gas? A Comment on Recent Practices at the World Trade Organization // Oil, Gas & Energy Law Intelligence. October, 2018. The European Commission admitted the existence of competition between pipeline and liquefied gas when approving a merger of several energy companies: COMP/M.6477 BP/Chevron/ENI/Sonangol/Total/JV of 16 May 2012, para. 18. In addition, a conclusion on competition between liquefied and pipeline gas was made in a study commissioned by the European Commission: “Quo vadis EU gas market regulatory framework – Study on a Gas Market Design for Europe”, February 2018, P. 42.
9. See C. Saldarriaga, Sustainable production and trade discrimination: an analysis of the WTO jurisprudence // Anuario Colombiano de Derecho Internacional (acdi), 2018, 11; S. Charnovitz The Law of Environmental PPMs in the WTO: Debunking the Myth of Illegality // (2002) 27 Yale Journal of International Law.
10. WT/DS2/AB/R United States Standards for Reformulated and Conventional Gasoline.
11. P. Low, G. Marceau, J. Reinaud The Interface between the Trade and Climate Change Regimes: Scoping the Issues // World Trade Organization Economic Research and Statistics Division Staff Working Paper ERSD-2011-1. 1/12/2011. Pp. 16–17.
12. P. Low, G. Marceau, J. Reinaud The Interface between the Trade and Climate Change Regimes: Scoping the Issues // World Trade Organization Economic Research and Statistics Division Staff Working Paper ERSD-2011-1. 1/12/2011. R. 18.
13. S.A Abbasi, Naseema Abbasi The likely adverse environmental impacts of renewable energy sources // Applied Energy. Volume 65, Issues 1–4, April 2000, Pages 121-14; Environmental Impacts of Renewable Energy Technologies Ewa Klugmann-Radziemska 2014 5th International Conference on Environmental Science and Technology IPCBEE vol.69 (2014) © (2014) IACSIT Press, Singapore DOI: 10.7763/IPCBEE. 2014. V69. 21. Thomas Gibon, Edgar G Hertwich, Anders Arvesen, Bhawna Singh and Francesca Verones Health benefits, ecological threats of low-carbon electricity // Environmental Research Letter 12 (2017) 034023.
14. J. Stern Narratives for Natural Gas in Decarbonising European Energy Markets // Oxford Institute for Energy Studies. February, 2019. Pp.18–19. https://www.oxfordenergy.org/wpcms/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/Narratives-for-Natu- ral-Gas-in-a-Decarbonisinf-European-Energy-Market-NG141.pdf
15. S. Charnovitz The Law of Environmental PPMs in the WTO: Debunking the Myth of Illegality // (2002) 27 Yale Journal of International Law. Pp. 108–110.
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